Spinal stenosis often develops due to age-related changes in the spine, but other causes include:

• Herniated discs pressing into the canal

• Osteoarthritis and bone spurs

• Spondylolisthesis, where vertebrae slip out of place

• Thickened ligaments and disc degeneration over time

Common Symptoms Include:

• Pain, numbness, or weakness in the arms or legs

• Burning or tingling sensations in limbs

• Difficulty walking, poor balance, or leg cramps

• Pain that worsens with movement and improves with rest

Diagnosis & Treatment Options:

Spinal stenosis is diagnosed with a combination of physical exams, MRI or X-ray imaging, and sometimes nerve conduction tests to assess nerve involvement.

Non-surgical treatments include:

• Physical therapy to build strength and reduce nerve pressure

• Pain relief medication and anti-inflammatories

• Lifestyle modifications to reduce strain

If conservative approaches fail and symptoms become disabling, surgery may be advised:

• Laminectomy: Removes a portion of the spinal bone to create space

• Osteotomy: Realigns or reshapes vertebrae to relieve pressure