SPONDYLOLISTHESIS
When one vertebra (spinal bone) moves forward out of alignment with the vertebra below it, the condition known as spondylolisthesis arises. This imbalance can cause pain and other issues by straining the muscles and irritating the nerves. Spondylolisthesis can develop in other places as well, however it most commonly affects the lumbar spine in the lower back.
There are several possible causes of spondylolisthesis. Common causes include:
● Degenerative changes: Aging-related wear and strain on the spine (spondylosis) can erode the supporting tissues of the vertebrae.
● Spina bifida: A birth defect in which there is incomplete closure of the spinal canal that can increase the risk of spondylolisthesis.
● Trauma: A vertebra may slip as a result of abrupt damage to the spine, such as a fracture.
● Repetitive stress: Over time, repetitive activities like weightlifting and gymnastics that place a lot of stress on the lower back may lead to spondylolisthesis.
Spondylolisthesis symptoms might change according on the degree of the slip and the involvement of the affected nerves. They could consist of:
● Lower back pain that is typically worse with movement and goes away with rest
● Stiffness or tightness in the muscles of the back
● Sciatica, or a pain that radiates to the legs or buttocks
● Leg weakness, numbness, or tingling
● Having trouble balancing or walking
Diagnosis of spondylolisthesis typically involves a physical examination, X-rays, and occasionally an MRI scan to assess the vertebrae in greater detail.
Spondylolisthesis treatment is based on the patient’s symptoms and the severity of the condition. The first line of defence usually involves conservative methods including physical therapy, pain medication, and changes in activities. Surgery can be required in severe cases, surgery may be necessary to realign the vertebrae and stabilize the spine.
